Tubular Membrane Module-The Suitable Configuration for Pervaporation Desalination Membrane

Seawater desalination has been proved to be an efficient way to alleviate the global water crisis. Among major desalination technologies, membrane separation seems to be the mostapplicable and economic method because of its high efficiency, small footprint, energy saving, easily scales up etc.

Tubular Membrane Module

Currently, membrane researchers focus on developing better reverse osmosis (RO) and membrane distillation (MD) membranes. RO is the dominate technology for membrane desalination. However, it is difficult to treat high concentrated salt water due to the extremely high osmosis pressure. In a MD process, the driving force lies in the difference of the water vapor pressures between the membranes feed and permeate sides. Theoretically, high concentrated brine water can be easily treated as long as the low water vapor pressure in the permeate side can be maintained either by running a cooling water or applying a low pressure in the membrane permeate side. Read more>>>>>>

Nanoparticles Restrictions in Environmental Cleanup

Environmental contamination with a variety and mixed pollutants are a problematic issue worldwide. If the contaminated sites are left without any satisfactory remediation, it leads to the successive threaten of ecosystems, then human life.

So, applications of nanotechnology in environmental remediation are encouraged because of the novel properties (e.g. special structure, very large surface area and greater reactivity), whereas, ‘‘Nano’’ may be more than just ‘‘small’’.

Also, environmental nanotechnology restraint is due to lack of full understanding characterization, fate and transport of such ultrafine materials in the environment. The objective of this work is to point major challenges facing environmental nanoscience and urges developing eco-friendly techniques to ensure good quality of life.

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Study on Antheraea perny Silk Fibroin Nanoparticles Carried Insulin

The gradual improvement of the living standard of human beings, the incidence of diabetes is increasing day by day. Although diabetes does not have the obvious symptomsof cardiovascular disease, the horror of AIDS and the intense rapid of cancer.

Silk Fibroin Nanoparticles

Diabetes continues to erode human body. Diabetes acts an important role quietly among several major "killers" who endanger human life. And diabetes becomes the third largest diseases killer after cardiovascular diseases and cancer in threating to human health. Silk fibroin has polypeptide chain segments, which presents random curl in dilute solution, α-helical structures in concentrated solution and water-insoluble β-hairpin formed while silkworms spin silk. In the medical field, silk fibroin has good biocompatibility, biodegradability, and non-toxicity so that it can become a promising application of drug delivery medical materials.

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Synthesis and Characterization of Iridium Organometallic Complexes Covalently Grafted to Mesoporous Silicates and their Application on Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Aqueous Solution

Wastes containing traces of toxic metal ions such as chromium, copper, cobalt lead and zinc etc., when discharged in the environment through chemical manufacturing, power generation, battery industry and welding etc., can cause serious environmental problem andpollution.

Mesoporous Silicates

Furthermore, contaminated waste can also cause a variety of diseases that would threaten human life as well as other animals. A different number of methods are available for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater including, electrochemical treatment, chemical precipitation, ion-exchange, solvent extraction membrane technology, ultrafiltration, adsorption on activated carbon etc. However, most of these methods are ineffective, expensive and inapplicable to a wide range of pollutants.

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Nanoparticles Restrictions in Environmental Cleanup

Due to a widespread of industrial activities, an extraordinary number of contaminants are released into the environment. That can pollute soil, air, and water, as well as cause deforestation, biodiversity losses, soil degradation and harm to human health.

Nanoparticles

For example, when pollutants are released into aquatic ecosystems, direct (toxic) effects on aquatic biota are possible, as well as, indirect effects in ecological communities by complex relationships (i.e. through entering food chain). Many of these pollutants are known or suspected as carcinogens, mutagens and may alter ecosystem function. Therefore, a variety of environmental treatment techniques have been designed, using bioremediation, phytoremediation, physical and chemical remediation and so on.

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The Use of Membranes in Olive Mill Wastewater Treatment: How to Control Dynamic Fouling?

A huge effort has been carried out by the scientific community to reduce the problem of membranefouling, but it remains still in these days as one of the main challenges of this technology.

In particular, this is a big handicap in the use of membranes for wastewater applications, a market where membranes have gained significant use in the last decade. As an example of the implementation of membrane technology for a variety of wastewater streams already we can point stainless steel, energy cogeneration, nuclear-power, textile, paper and agro-food industries, among others.

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Glass Powder as Polyethylene Filler

Polymeric materials have many merits, but researchers continue to seek new polymers with even better properties. One of the ways of obtaining novel polymer materials with improvedproperties which cannot be produced by direct polymerization is to mix polymers with various kinds of fillers at various weight ratios.

Polyethylene Filler

An important aspect of this method is the fact that it reduces manufacturing costs. The properties, in particular, the mechanical ones, of filled polymers depend to a large extent on the size, shape and distribution of the particles of the filler in the polymer matrix, as well as on the quality of adhesion between the filler and the matrix. Commonly, the weight content of the filler ranges from several to several dozen percent (60 or more).Such composites are prepared by mixing in mills or in the plasticizing systems of processing machines such as extruders and injection moulding machines.

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