Synthesis and Characterization of Iridium Organometallic Complexes Covalently Grafted to Mesoporous Silicates and their Application on Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Aqueous Solution

Wastes containing traces of toxic metal ions such as chromium, copper, cobalt lead and zinc etc., when discharged in the environment through chemical manufacturing, power generation, battery industry and welding etc., can cause serious environmental problem andpollution.

Mesoporous Silicates

Furthermore, contaminated waste can also cause a variety of diseases that would threaten human life as well as other animals. A different number of methods are available for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater including, electrochemical treatment, chemical precipitation, ion-exchange, solvent extraction membrane technology, ultrafiltration, adsorption on activated carbon etc. However, most of these methods are ineffective, expensive and inapplicable to a wide range of pollutants.

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Nanoparticles Restrictions in Environmental Cleanup

Due to a widespread of industrial activities, an extraordinary number of contaminants are released into the environment. That can pollute soil, air, and water, as well as cause deforestation, biodiversity losses, soil degradation and harm to human health.

Nanoparticles

For example, when pollutants are released into aquatic ecosystems, direct (toxic) effects on aquatic biota are possible, as well as, indirect effects in ecological communities by complex relationships (i.e. through entering food chain). Many of these pollutants are known or suspected as carcinogens, mutagens and may alter ecosystem function. Therefore, a variety of environmental treatment techniques have been designed, using bioremediation, phytoremediation, physical and chemical remediation and so on.

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The Use of Membranes in Olive Mill Wastewater Treatment: How to Control Dynamic Fouling?

A huge effort has been carried out by the scientific community to reduce the problem of membranefouling, but it remains still in these days as one of the main challenges of this technology.

In particular, this is a big handicap in the use of membranes for wastewater applications, a market where membranes have gained significant use in the last decade. As an example of the implementation of membrane technology for a variety of wastewater streams already we can point stainless steel, energy cogeneration, nuclear-power, textile, paper and agro-food industries, among others.

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Glass Powder as Polyethylene Filler

Polymeric materials have many merits, but researchers continue to seek new polymers with even better properties. One of the ways of obtaining novel polymer materials with improvedproperties which cannot be produced by direct polymerization is to mix polymers with various kinds of fillers at various weight ratios.

Polyethylene Filler

An important aspect of this method is the fact that it reduces manufacturing costs. The properties, in particular, the mechanical ones, of filled polymers depend to a large extent on the size, shape and distribution of the particles of the filler in the polymer matrix, as well as on the quality of adhesion between the filler and the matrix. Commonly, the weight content of the filler ranges from several to several dozen percent (60 or more).Such composites are prepared by mixing in mills or in the plasticizing systems of processing machines such as extruders and injection moulding machines.

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pH-Sensitive Nanoparticles for Cancer Therapy: Is this a Real Innovation in Nanomedicine?

In past decades, nanomedicine made impressive progress from basic science to clinical application. The goalof nanoparticles in nanomedicine is to develop systems capable of carrying, releasing and delivering their payload drugs in an efficient manner to target tissues.

pH-Sensitive Nanoparticles

Despite the important advances in nanotechnology and nanomedicine, these technological translations for new pharmaceutical products did not meet the expectations of the scientific community. The gap between the promising in vivo pre-clinical results and the outcome of clinical trials was not closed, and this continues to challenge researchers worldwide. As described previously in 2012 nanoparticles with sizes ranging from 30 nm to 200 nm can be specifically taken up by tumor tissues. This is a classical phenomenon, well known as the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect.

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Dependence of Biofuel Bio-refineries on Polymer Applications: The Outlook of Profitable Biofuel Opportunities

The strategies for production and processing of Bio-based nonpetroleum fuels from a variety of biomass are actively exploited in the recent years. Bio-polymerslike cellulose, starch, xylan, pectin etc. are renewables obtained from plants, algae and other biological sources that are being exploited for variety of applications in biofuels.

Biofuel lifecycle

Technologies for biological/chemical processing of these polysaccharides to form fuels, platform chemicals and other value added byproducts to enhance process profitability can be the next breakthrough in biofuel commercialization. In the early stages of biofuel revolution, plant polymers were promising targets for alcoholic fuel production.

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Study on Antheraea perny Silk Fibroin Nanoparticles Carried Insulin

Chinese oak tasar Antheraea pernyi silk fibroin nanoparticles are a promising biomaterial for drug delivery because of its good properties, such as biodegradability and biocompatibility.

In recent decades, self-assembling nanoparticles derived from Antheraea perny silk fibroin have risen too much interest in application of drug delivery. In this paper, the Ca2+ in calcium gluconate induced self-assembling nanoparticles.

It was fabricated by blending aqueous Antheraea perny silk fibroin solution, calcium ion and insulin in a proper mixing ratio. The structure of the silk nanoparticles carried insulin was characterized by X-ray diffraction, FTIR and DTA.

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Tubular Membrane Module-The Suitable Configuration for Pervaporation Desalination Membrane

Seawater desalination has been proved to be an efficient way to alleviate the global water crisis. Among major desalination technologies, membrane separation seems to be the most applicable and economic method because of its high efficiency, small footprint, energy saving, easily scales up etc.

Currently, membrane researchers focus on developing better reverse osmosis (RO) and membrane distillation (MD) membranes. RO is the dominate technology for membrane desalination.

However, it is difficult to treat high concentrated salt water due to the extremely high osmosis pressure. In a MD process, the driving force lies in the difference of the water vapor pressures between the membranes feed and permeate sides.

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